Figure 4

Predictions from mixed effects linear regression models. (Note: cases in red; controls in black). Number of bands: The increase in the number of bands tends to be more substantial in controls (p = 0.09) than in cases (p = 0.87); by age 4 months, controls have on average 2.6 bands more than cases. Shannon index: H' increases significantly in controls (p = 0.04) but not in cases (p = 0.32); at 1 month of age the index for controls is 0.22 higher, and at 4 months it is 0.33 higher. (*p < 0.05; see Table 1).