Fig. 2

Prophylactic efficacies of adrenaline, commonly prescribed drugs or food constituents against anaphylaxis. Mast cells were pre-incubated with adrenaline, anti-allergic drugs (olopatadine, loratadine, tranilast and ketotifen), antibiotics (clarithromycin), corticosteroids (hydrocortisone and dexamethasone) or food constituents (caffeine and catechin) before exocytosis was induced. These drugs or the food constituents suppressed the increase in the membrane capacitance (Cm) and degranulation from mast cells, showing their prophylactic efficacy against anaphylaxis. Cm: membrane capacitance