Fig. 3From: Vitamin D3 improves the effects of low dose Der p 2 allergoid treatment in Der p 2 sensitized BALB/c miceTreatment-induced modulation of cytokines’ levels in BALF. The levels of IL-4, IL-13, IL-10, INF-γ in BALF were measured by ELISA. The conventional low dose IT with d2-OID or the sole VD3 administration induced decrease of IL-4 (a) and increase in IL-10 (c) and no change in the level of IL-13 and IFN-γ. Only the association d2-OID + VD3 produced the highest modification of these cytokines, well-matched with the resolution of the allergic inflammation, induction of tolerance and immune deviation: in fact, IL-4 (a) and IL-13 (b), were significantly lower and IL-10 (c) and IFN-γ (d) were significantly higher, compared with all the other groups. Values are expressed as mean ± SD (n = 12). *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001Back to article page