From: Engineered metal based nanoparticles and innate immunity
NPs | Cells | Effects | Ref |
---|---|---|---|
AgNPS TiO2NPs ZnONPs MnONPs CeO2NPs | Human lung epithelium | -ROS production | |
-DNA damage | |||
-Apoptosis | |||
Fe2O3NPs | Human bronchial epithelium | -Genotoxicity | [105] |
NiNPs | Lung | -Reduction of cell viability | [110] |
-Apoptosis | |||
-Necrosis | |||
-Increase of ROS, IL-6 and IL-8 (MAPK-dependent, NF-kB-mediated) | |||
ZnNPs | Human bronchial epithelial cells | -Increased of IL-8 (dose-dependent) | [111] |
-Activation of NFκB and C/EBPβ | |||
MeNPs ZnONPs | Gut epithelium | -Generation of ROS | [112] |
-Release of IL-8 | |||
-Cytotoxicity (size dependent) | |||
AgNPs TiO2NPs | Intestinal epithelium | -Cell death (SW480 cells) | [113] |
-IL-8 production | |||
-ROS generation | |||
AgNPs | Mice intestinal epithelium | -Damage of microvilli and intestinal glands | [117] |
-Malabsorption syndrome | |||
TiO2NPs | Caco-2 | -Cross monolayers without disruption of junctional complexes and without causing cytotoxicity | [120] |
TiO2NPs AgNPs | Bronchial and intestinal eptithelium | -Abnormal mucus production |